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SEC Risk Factors Disclosure Analysis

Harvard Corporate Governance

Opportunities remain to better align external risk reporting with internal risk management and reporting processes, improve the readability and categorization of risks, and make disclosures less generic.

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Addressing Market Volatility and Risk in M&A Agreements

Harvard Corporate Governance

This additional regulatory delay means that transactions, and in particular deals involving stock consideration, are increasingly vulnerable to market risk over a longer time horizon. more…).

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How to Value a Real Estate Holding Company

BV Specialists

Discount these cash flows to their present value using an appropriate discount rate, factoring in market risk. Make sure to consider market and industry conditions by reviewing current macro trends such as interest rates, inflation, and supply-demand dynamics, which can influence property values and company performance.

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A Novel Explanation for Concentration Among Derivatives Intermediaries, and Its Implications

Reynolds Holding

The risk that a party may have to make or receive future payment(s) based on the evolution of the referenced variable is called “market risk.” This would recognize offsetting market risk – potentially with conservatism built into the model. As part of rulemaking and lower-level relief (e.g.,

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What is the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)?

Andrew Stolz

Beta is a multiple used to adjust up (Beta > 1) the equity risk premium if a stock is expected to be riskier than the market, and down (Beta < 1) if the stock is lower risk than the market. Investments are exposed to two types of risk: systematic and unsystematic. E(r) = Rf + ??(Rm

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Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) - Can it Enhance Valuation?

Equilest

The theory suggests that the expected return on an asset can be modeled as a linear function of various macroeconomic factors or "factor loadings" that affect the asset's risk, such as market risk, industry risk, and country risk. First, we need to estimate the factor loadings for each risk factor.

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Decentralized Finance, Crypto Funds, and Value Creation in Tokenized Firms

Reynolds Holding

For policymakers, our findings suggest that the token market may to some extent become more efficient on its own because intermediaries reduce costly frictions and have an incentive to do so because they benefit from above-market risk-adjusted returns.

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