Harvard Corporate Governance

JULY 9, 2024

The S&P 500 currently trades at a price to book value of 4.2, suggesting that book value accounts for less than 20% of the S&P 500’s market value. Human capital, for example, is an intangible asset omitted from balance sheets, and is commonly categorized under the S in ESG.

Intangible Assets 208

Intangible Assets Book Value Price to Book Marketability 208

IVSC

FEBRUARY 7, 2022

Searching for stocks with low price-to-book ratios was a good indication of a potential bargain. However, book values are no longer so informative as lots of intangibles are missing from the balance sheet, and some intangibles that are on the balance sheet, including many acquired intangibles and goodwill, are very hard to interpret.

Discounted Cash Flow 252

Discounted Cash Flow Intangible Assets Marketability Price to Book 252

The Mentor Group

APRIL 1, 2024

Here are several possible approaches and considerations: Asset-Based Approach: One way to value a business that is losing money is through an asset-based approach. This method involves assessing the value of the company’s tangible assets, such as property, equipment, inventory, and cash.

Discounted Cash Flow 40

Discounted Cash Flow Asset-based Approach Liquidation Value Intangible Assets 40

Sun Acquisitions

NOVEMBER 17, 2023

The valuation is based on key financial metrics such as Price-to-Earnings (P/E) ratios, Price-to-Sales (P/S) ratios, or Price-to-Book (P/B) ratios. Asset-Based Valuation: This method calculates the value of a company’s assets and liabilities, including tangible and intangible assets.

EBITDA 59

EBITDA Discounted Cash Flow Intangible Assets Comparable Company Analysis 59

Valutico

MAY 6, 2024

Analysts use financial metrics and multiples such as Price to Earnings (P/E), Price to Book (P/B), Enterprise Value to Sales (EV/Sales), Enterprise Value to EBITDA (EV/EBITDA), and Price to Book (P/B) ratios derived from trading data of similar public companies or deal pricing data of similar M&A transactions.

Discounted Cash Flow 52

Discounted Cash Flow Precedent Transaction Analysis Weighted Average Cost of Capital Comparable Company Analysis 52

Equilest

NOVEMBER 25, 2023

Dive into the nuances of industry-specific multiples, grasp the challenges of valuing intangible assets, and discover the evolving landscape of incorporating Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors into the valuation framework. One key emphasis is on the Price to Book Value multiple.

Discounted Cash Flow 52

Discounted Cash Flow Dividends Enterprise Value Terminal Value 52

Musings on Markets

JANUARY 26, 2025

In the next section, I look at stock returns for companies in different price to book deciles, in a simplistic assessment of the value premium. As with the size premium, low price to book (value) stocks have struggled to deliver in the twenty first century, and as with the small size premium, investors have waited for it to return.

Price to Book 76

Price to Book Start-ups Book Value Marketability 76