Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 8, 2022

In the first few weeks of 2022, we have had repeated reminders from the market that risk never goes away for good, even in the most buoyant markets, and that when it returns, investors still seem to be surprised that it is there. In closing, I will talk about some of the more dangerous delusions that undercut good risk taking.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 8, 2022

To start the year, I returned to a ritual that I have practiced for thirty years, and that is to take a look at not just market changes over the last year, but also to get measures of the financial standing and practices of companies around the world. Happy New Year, and I hope that 2022 brings you good tidings!

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 5, 2024

I have also developed a practice in the last decade of spending much of January exploring what the data tells us, and does not tell us, about the investing, financing and dividend choices that companies made during the most recent year.

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Musings on Markets

AUGUST 15, 2023

In every introductory finance class, you begin with the notion of a risk-free investment, and the rate on that investment becomes the base on which you build, to get to expected returns on risky assets and investments. What is a risk free investment? Why does the risk-free rate matter?

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 30, 2023

If 2022 was an unsettling year for equities, as I noted in my second data post, it was an even more tumultuous year for the bond market. The rise in rates transmitted to corporate bond market rates, with a concurrent rise in default spreads exacerbating the damage to investors.

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Equilest

JULY 31, 2022

What is Beta in Finance, and why is it essential for a business valuation? Are you considering evaluating a business using an excel template without understanding Beta in Finance? In Finance - the beta represents how sensitive the stock price is concerning the market price change (index). Think again!

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Valutico

FEBRUARY 27, 2024

The WACC represents the overall cost of financing a company’s operations and is used to discount future cash flows to their present value. It represents the cost a company incurs to access funds through debt financing. It is the cost a company incurs for using equity capital to finance its operations and growth.

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Andrew Stolz

AUGUST 5, 2020

It helps an investor understand what to expect to earn in relation to the risk-free rate and the market return. CAPM assumes that the minimum a rational investor would earn is the risk-free rate by buying the risk-free asset. Investments are exposed to two types of risk: systematic and unsystematic. E(r) = Rf + ??(Rm

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Equilest

JANUARY 7, 2025

A wide range of techniques, such as the asset-based strategy, market approach, and income approach, have been employed by analysts. For example, the market technique compares the company to similar enterprises that have previously been sold, whereas the income approach may involve determining the present value of future cash flows.

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ThomsonReuters

MAY 6, 2021

The cash flows from an entire business include inflows and outflows from investing, financing, and operating activities (such as sales, collections on receivables, expenditures, and settling accounts payable). An entity may draw from its own experience as well as that of its peers, industry, geography, market, or other pertinent source.

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Equilest

JANUARY 3, 2023

This theory is based on the idea that several factors, including economic and market conditions, determine a stock's price. The APT is a multi-factor model that seeks to explain the behavior of stock prices based on various economic and market conditions. First, we need to estimate the factor loadings for each risk factor.

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Andrew Stolz

AUGUST 6, 2020

The return on assets is determined by systematic factors such as changes in inflation , risk premiums, interest rates, etc. Investors construct portfolios with unsystematic risks, which are well-diversified to reduce total portfolio risk. In theory, arbitrage provides investors with a high chance of success. 1 + RP1 + ??2+

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 6, 2023

Counter made-up numbers : It remains true that people (analysts, market experts, politicians) often make assertions based upon either incomplete or flawed data, or no data at all. Check rules of thumb : Investing and corporate finance are full of rules of thumb, many of long standing.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 24, 2024

As we start 2024, the interest rate prognosticators who misread the bond markets so badly in 2023 are back to making their 2024 forecasts, and they show no evidence of having learned any lessons from the last year. In fact, treasury bill rates consistently rise ahead of the Fed's actions over the two years.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 9, 2021

I spent the first week of 2021 in the same way that I have spent the first week of every year since 1995, collecting data on publicly traded companies and analyzing how they navigated the cross currents of the prior year, both in operating and market value terms.

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Valutico

DECEMBER 12, 2023

New Emerging Market Data (From EMIS): What? We’ve integrated new emerging market transaction data from EMIS, a significant enhancement covered by major news outlets like Yahoo Finance and Asia One. New and existing customers can reach out to upgrade and access this valuable data that opens doors to critical insights.

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Musings on Markets

NOVEMBER 9, 2021

I have been writing about, and valuing, Tesla for most of its lifetime in public markets, and while it remains a company that draws strong reactions, it is also one that I truly enjoy valuing. Tesla: The Back Story I first valued Tesla in 2013 , as a "luxury automobile company" and I have valued almost every year since.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 12, 2021

Corporate Finance : Corporate finance is the development of the first financial principles that govern how to run a business. It is that mission that makes corporate finance the ultimate big picture class, one that everyone (entrepreneurs, investors, analysts, business observers) should take. That tells me three things.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 31, 2024

In my last three posts, I looked at the macro (equity risk premiums, default spreads, risk free rates) and micro (company risk measures) that feed into the expected returns we demand on investments, and argued that these expected returns become hurdle rates for businesses, in the form of costs of equity and capital.

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Simply Treasury

AUGUST 2, 2022

The idea is not new to encourage companies to increase their capitalization and reduce their bank debt (partly through more recourse to the capital market - CMU project). The rate would be calculated based on a 10-year "risk-free interest" rate depending on the currency, increased by a 1% risk premium (1.5%

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Valutico

FEBRUARY 13, 2025

In the world of finance and investing, the concept of beta plays a vital role in assessing an investment’s risk and volatility. Whether you’re a seasoned investor or new to the market, understanding beta can empower you to make informed decisions. A beta of 1 means the asset moves in line with the market.

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Valutico

AUGUST 10, 2023

Valuing a small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) requires a judicious blend of financial analysis, market understanding, and strategic foresight. Valuation Methods: The Asset-based, Income, and Market Approaches are the primary methodologies for SME valuation, each offering different insights into the company’s worth.

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Appraiser Newsroom

JUNE 4, 2024

Kevin holds an MBA in finance from Georgia State University and a Bachelors in Chemical Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology. Finance Professor | Pepperdine Graziadio Business School Craig R. Everett is a finance professor at the Pepperdine Graziadio Business School. a Software as a Service company.

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Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 27, 2023

Note that this framework applies for all businesses, from the smallest, privately owned businesses, where debt takes the form of bank loans and even credit card borrowing and equity is owner savings, the largest publicly traded companies, where debt can be in the form of corporate bonds and equity is shares held by public market investors.

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Valutico

SEPTEMBER 13, 2023

Recognized as firms with under 250 employees, their accurate valuation is highly important for many finance professionals. Valuing a Small and Medium-sized Enterprise (SME) involves assessing the company’s financial performance, assets, market position, and growth potential. Discounted Cash Flow analysis), Market Approach (e.g.

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Equilest

JULY 10, 2023

By considering the company's assets, financial performance, market conditions, and industry trends, you can make informed investment decisions and negotiate deals more effectively. Analyzing Market Conditions and Industry Trends The diversified real estate activities industry is influenced by market conditions and industry trends.

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Equilest

JULY 10, 2023

A comprehensive guide on valuing a business in the real estate operating companies industry, including key steps, financial analysis, and valuation methods Valuing a business in the real estate operating companies industry requires a comprehensive understanding of the company's assets, financial performance, market conditions, and industry trends.

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Business Valuation Asset-based Approach Risk Premium Price to Earnings 40

Equilest

JULY 10, 2023

By considering the business's assets, financial performance, market conditions, and future prospects, you can make informed investment decisions and negotiate deals more effectively. Analyzing the Market and Location The real estate development industry heavily relies on market conditions and location.

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Equilest

MARCH 17, 2022

They give a vision of the company, which must be supplemented by other approaches to address the "true" price, which will result from the negotiation, i.e., the amount accepted by the assignor and financed by the buyer. . . Thus two companies with the same level of results but different future performance risks will have different values.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 27, 2021

In my last post , I described the wild ride that the price of risk took in 2020, with equity risk premiums and default spreads initially sky rocketing, as the virus led to global economic shutdowns, and then just as abruptly dropping back to pre-crisis levels over the course of the year. against developed market currencies.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 28, 2024

In my last data updates for this year, I looked first at how equity markets rebounded in 2023 , driven by a stronger-than-expected economy and inflation coming down, and then at how interest rates mirrored this rebound. What is risk?

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Musings on Markets

MAY 11, 2021

Encourage savings/ capital formation : In an economy, where private capital is behind the bulk of economic investment and growth, governments are dependent up the health of capital markets (stocks and bonds) for continued growth.

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Harvard Corporate Governance

FEBRUARY 3, 2025

Posted by Arthur Korteweg (USC), Stavros Panageas (UCLA), and Anand Systla (UCLA), on Monday, February 3, 2025 Editor's Note: Arthur Korteweg is an Associate Professor of Finance and Business Economics at USC Marshall School of Business, Stavros Panageas is a Professor of Finance at UCLA Anderson School of Management, and Anand Systla is a Ph.D.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 10, 2025

In corporate finance and investing, which are areas that I work in, I find myself doing double takes as I listen to politicians, market experts and economists making statements about company and market behavior that are fairy tales, and data is often my weapon for discerning the truth.

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Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 8, 2025

In the first five posts, I have looked at the macro numbers that drive global markets, from interest rates to risk premiums, but it is not my preferred habitat. In this role, the cost of capital is an opportunity cost, measuring returns you can earn on investments on equivalent risk.

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Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 18, 2025

The second was a comment that I made on a LinkedIn post that had built on my implied equity premium approach to the Indian market but had run into a roadblock because of an assumption that, in an efficient market, the return on equity would equate to the cost of equity.

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Musings on Markets

JANUARY 31, 2025

For those of you who have been tracking the market, the AI segment in the market has held its own since September, but even before the last weekend, there were signs that investors were sobering up on not only how big the payoff to AI would be, but how long they would have to wait to get there.

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