Musings on Markets

JANUARY 5, 2024

Standard Deviation in Equity/Firm Value 2. Book Value Multiples 3. Working capital needs Thus, I compute pricing multiples based on revenues (EV to Sales, Price to Sales), earnings (PE, PEG), book value (PBV, EV to Invested Capital) or cash flow proxies (EV to EBITDA). Fundamenal Growth in Operating Earnings 3.

Dividends 105

Dividends Risk Premium Equity Book Value 105

Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 15, 2023

Both accounting returns are computed based upon book value, not because we have suddenly developed trust in accounting, but because the objective is to estimate what investors have earned on what they originally invested in a company, rather than an updated or a marked-to market value.

Start-ups 52

Start-ups Equity Risk Premium Risk-free Rate 52

Musings on Markets

FEBRUARY 6, 2025

I am no expert on exchange rates, but learning to deal with different currencies in valuation is a prerequisite to valuing companies. and an augmented premium for countries that do not have Aaa ratings, with the additional country risk premium determined by local currency sovereign ratings.

Risk Premium 67

Risk Premium Start-ups Enterprise Value Equity 67