Remove 2019 Remove EBIT Remove Risk Premium
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Data Update 1 for 2024: The data speaks, but what does it say?

Musings on Markets

Thus, I have treated leases as debt in computing debt ratios all through the decades that I have been computing this statistic, even though accounting rules did not do so until 2019, and capitalized R&D, even though accounting has not made that judgment yet. Beta & Risk 1. Equity Risk Premiums 2. Debt Details 1.

Dividends 105
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Data Update 8 for 2025: Debt, Taxes and Default - An Unholy Trifecta!

Musings on Markets

It was only in 2019 that the accounting rule-writers (IFRS and GAAP) finally did the right thing, albeit with a myriad of rules and exceptions. The default spread is a price of risk in the bond market, and if you recall, I estimated the price of risk in equity markets, with an implied equity risk premium, in my second data update.

Equity 75